Building construction.



F. McM. SAWYER. BUILDING CONSTRUETION. APPLICATION men FEB-10.!915-Patented Sept. 18, 1917 FRANK MOMURRAY SAWYER, or ALHAMBRA. oapmomrm.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept'l 8. I91 7 Application filed February 10. 1915. Serial No.7,390.

'1 '11 all whom it may concern llc it known that l. FRANK MtrMuuuwvSuvrnu, a citizen of the United States. residing: at Alhambra.California, have invented a new and useful Building Construction. ofwhich the following is a specifica tion.

This invention pertains to a. building con-- structi'ohintendedprincipally for use in the walls of buildings. The standardized slabs ofwhich the wall is chielly composed are designer] to be cast out. of asuitable ccnientitious substance, said slabs being of such contour thatafter they have been cast they may be assembled in such a manner as toproduce a wall of superior strength, durability and general structuralmerit. the

.strength and stability of the wall being further secm'ed by theprovision of certain hol low piers into which liquid concrete or groutpoured to cement together the structure into one compact, stable whole.

An object of this invention is to construct a. hollow wall that will beboth light and strong and furnished with improved means to irovide thesides of the wall from bulginw out or the pressure of the liquid groutwhich is filled into the wall during construction and is allowed toharden in order to cement the assembled parts of the wall together intoone solid structure. As an aid to secure this object of the invention,there is provided an improved transverse key slab which is adapted toresist both internal pressure and also external pressure against thesides of the wall, so that the wall will neither be ruptured from thebuilding materials con-- tained within its sides. nor will it be collased by external pressure o further strengthen the wall a. metalreinforcement may e incorporated atsuch points as may be desired in bothvertical and horizontal directions.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the inveinion,Fi

isoinetrical view of a wall, certain slabs b dug broken away to showmore clearly the means for binding the wall together.

Fig. 2 is an isometrical view of one of the key slabs.

Fig. 3 is an isometrical view of a key-slab having a double abutment torovide for insorting a secondary lon itu inal slab required in !0formation 0 additional cement 5e piers.

Fig Mi.- an isometrical view showing the no 1 is 11.1

internal face of one of the longitudinal slabs.

Fig. 5 is an isonieti'ical view showing an external face of the slabshown in Fig. 4.

Fig. (1 isan isometricul view of an internal longitudinal slab.

Fig. 7 is a. partial longitudinal section through the concrete containedin the longitudinal pockets of Fig.

Referring! in detail to the drawings. each outer side mrtiou of the wallconsists of a series of slabs 9 arranged in longitudinal and in verticalcourses. thus forming two sets, designated in Fig. 1 as an inner set Aand an outer set ll. These sets of the slabs 9 are arranged parallel toeach other. a slab J of one set being placed opposite to a correspondingslab 9 of the other set. thus forming' pairs of slabs the members ofwhich pairs are held together by the transverse key slabs 11 and 11".

Each member of said pairs of slabs 9 is provided with end extensions 12,the extensiou 12 at one end being preferably at the upper edge and theextension 12 at the other end preferably being at the lower edge. Theseend extensions 12 of adjacent slabs 9 overlap each other in an edgewisemanner, the end of each slab 9 being slightly spaced away from the endof the next slab 5) of the same horizontal course, thus leaving twovertical spaces or slots between the ends of adjacent slabs of the samehorizontal course. These spaces are spaced longitudinally apart withrespect. to the wall. one of said spaces being at the upper edge of thecourse and the other of said spaces or slots being at the lower edge ofthe course. It will be understood, however, that these spaces are neverleft open, but as fast as the wall is assembled they are filled with theends of: the key slabs 11 next described.

The transversely extending kdy lslabs 1] are arranged in pairs, themembers of said pairs each having end extensions 14 prefcr t blydiagonally opposite to each othdr, which project. into and fill thevertical s amss already referred to between the end of the slabs 9. Eachextension 14 of the lay slabs has at its inner edge an overhanginshoulder or interlocking lug 15 which eng ges the base of the lookingledge 16 with Whi h each of the slabs 9 is provided. Said led e .16 isbeveled or inclined from side to side to cor respond with theinclination of the face of the interlocking lug 15 of the key lab 11.

Said key slab 11 is provided with an'abutlnent 17, the length of theextension 14 preferably being the same as the thickness of the slab 9,so that when the key slabs are fitted in place the abutincnts l7 fitagainst the inner sides of the slabs l) and the ends of extensions 14are flush with the surface of the wall.

By this construction there is provided between the members of the pairsof key slabs 11, space for filling in the cement to form the cementpiers 18, through which may' also extend the vertical reinforcements 19.a When it is desired to provide pockets 20 for concrete fillinglongitudinal y of the wall, key slabs 11 are provided leavin theextensions 14 and shoulders 15 Wit an additional right angled recess 2L.Saidrecess 21 cooperates with an inner set of longitudinally placedslabs '9 which have end projections 22. Said projections 22 seat at thebases of the said recesses 21, of the key slabs 11 Said pockets 20 arefilled with cementitious substance, as illustrated in Figs.- 1 and 7.The cement is these pockets is continuous in a zigzag mannerhmgitudinally of the wall, and is also continuous vertically. Therecesses 21 extend toward the centers of slabs 11 far enough to providethat when the end portions of the longitudinally placed slabs 9 areabutted against the inner sides of said recesses 21, there is leftbetween each slab 9 and the adjacent slab 9, sulficient space to form aspace or pocket 20 of the desired width.

Owin to the cdgr-iwise overlapping of the end of slabs 9, a considerableportion of the inner (face of each of said overlappin slabs is broughtinto contact with the a hesive material constituting the adjacent pier,thus forming a bond or union between adjacent slabs of the samelongitudinal course, the cement bond being made more effective by theuse of the depressions 2-5, which are arranged diagonallykoppesite toeach other, thus bringing said depressions in line with the transverselyextending portions of the cement filling. i

In case both the long edges of slabs 9 are made beveled, as shown in theillustrated embodiment of the. invention, there will be left V-joints 26along the faces of the wall which act as a key for plaster or to receivethe mortar for the finished joint.

In some cases it may be preferable to use metal instead of precastconcrete in the formation of the key slabs 11 and 11", but changes ofthis character, it will be seen, fall within the scope of the appendedclaims.

In order to cement the side slabs 9 more securely in place, each of saidslabs is proi vided with an irregularit on its internal face, thisirregularity, in t e illustrated em-- bodnnent of the inventionconsisting of a depression'izfi into which the cement pro 5 jects inorder to bind the slab more securely in place.

The slabs 9 are preferably provided with beveled upper and lower edgesthereby pro vidi-ng V-shaped joints 26 along the faces of the wall whichmay be filled with mortar in order to seal the joints.

I claim:

1. In a wall, two sets of slabs, each of said sets comprising an innerand an outer,

course of longitudinally extending slabs arranged to form the sideportions of the wall and to leave aspace extending longitudinally alongeach side of the wall between the inner and outer slabs of said sets of39 slabs, the outer course of slabs at each side of the wall having endextensions which overlap each other in an edgewise' manner, there beinga vertically extending space at the end of each of said overlappingexten- 35 sions to receive a key slab, key slabs extending across thewall and fitting into said spaces at each side thereof, said extensionsbeing of sufficient length to separate said key slabs longitudinally ofthe wall to form cement-receiving pockets or spaces, and a filling, ofadhesive cement occupying said pockets or spaces.

2. In a wall, slabs extending len 'thwise of the wall at each of itsouter si es, the

slabs at each side of the wall being arranged in horizontal courses inwhich contiguous slabs are provided with end extensions which overlap inan edgewise manner and are slightly spaced apart from each otherlengthwise of the wall, key slabs the ends of which occupy the spacesthus provided at each side of. the wall, said key slabs lee-- .ingarranged inpairs the members of which are, spaced apart lengthwise ofthe wall by of adhesive cement occupying the etween the members of saidpairs of key slabs.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the scribingwitnesses at Los Angeles, in tha county of Los Angeles and State "ofCali fornia, this fifth day of February 1915.

, FRANK MCMURRAY SAWYER.

Witnesses:

ALBERT H. MERRILL, M. JENNIE CU'rsHAw.

contiguous slab, and

presence of two sub-

